Planning automatic garden irrigation: step-by-step instructions for efficient lawn irrigation
Well-designed garden irrigation is the key to a lush green lawn and optimally nourished plants. In this article, I show you how I planned my lawn irrigation with the DVS irrigation tool. I explain the most important planning steps, explain how to choose the right sprinklers and show you how to calculate the optimum water volume and pressure.
In addition to planning, I also discuss typical mistakes that should be avoided. If you want to design your lawn irrigation efficiently, you will find all the important information here – including a detailed planning video.
At a glance: What you can expect in this blog post
- Planning garden irrigation: why careful planning is crucial and the benefits of automatic irrigation
- Planning lawn irrigation with the DVS tool: Step-by-step guide to digitally planning my irrigation system
- Sprinkler selection and placement: comparison of MP rotators and gearbox sprinklers and tips for optimum placement
- Common garden irrigation mistakes: what planning mistakes are often made and how to avoid them
- Detailed video: A visual step-by-step guide to planning and implementation with the DMS tool
Why an automatic watering system for the garden?
Not all plants have the same water requirements. Lawns need regular watering, especially in dry summer months, to stay green and healthy. Beds and hedges, on the other hand, often have deeper roots and can manage with less frequent but more penetrating watering.
Plants in full sunlight evaporate more water and need to be watered more frequently than plants in the shade, which retain moisture for longer. Proper irrigation planning therefore takes into account not only the plant varieties, but also their location in the garden.
An automatic irrigation system facilitates this individual adjustment by controlling different sectors with different running times. This means that the water requirement of sun-exposed areas can be set higher, while shady beds are watered less frequently. This not only saves water, but also ensures optimum plant growth.
In addition to individual customization, there are other reasons to opt for automatic irrigation:
- Time saving: No more daily manual watering necessary.
- Even watering: sprinklers and drip hoses distribute the water in a controlled manner so that there are no dry patches.
- Efficiency: The garden is optimally supplied with water through time-controlled watering – usually in the early morning or late evening hours when evaporation is low.
- Water saving: Drip irrigation or rotating sprinklers reduce water consumption compared to manual irrigation.
- Adaptability: Smart irrigation systems can be combined with weather stations or soil moisture sensors to use water in an even more targeted manner.
Automatic vs. manual irrigation – a comparison
| Criterion | Automatic irrigation | Manual irrigation |
|---|---|---|
| Time required | Very low, the system runs automatically after installation | High, daily watering necessary |
| Uniformity | Even distribution of the water | Depending on the care taken when pouring |
| Water consumption | Efficient, as targeted watering is possible | Often higher due to uncontrolled amounts of water |
| Flexibility | Can be adapted depending on the plant, location and weather | Manual control necessary |
| Costs | Initial investment necessary, but saves water and effort in the long term | No installation costs, but higher water consumption |
| Independence | Garden is reliably watered even during vacation periods | Someone has to take care of the watering |
| Growth promotion | Plants continuously receive the optimum amount of water | Risk of over- or undersupply |
While manual irrigation allows a certain amount of control, it is time-consuming and often inefficient. Automatic watering ensures that plants are optimally supplied with water, saves time and reduces water consumption. It is a particularly worthwhile investment for larger gardens or busy garden owners.
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Why a lawn irrigation system needs to be planned carefully
Automatic lawn irrigation can only work efficiently and reliably if it is carefully planned. Without well thought-out irrigation planning, problems often arise that later have to be rectified at great expense. Incorrect planning can lead to dry patches in the lawn, uneven water distribution, excessive water consumption or insufficient water pressure.
Important aspects of irrigation planning
1. choosing the right sprinkler
Not every sprinkler is suitable for every surface. There are differences between geared sprinklers, MP rotators and drip irrigation systems. The choice depends on the area, the water requirement and the type of irrigation.
- MP rotators work with a low precipitation rate and are particularly efficient as they distribute the water slowly in several jets.
- Geared sprinklers are suitable for larger areas, but have a higher water consumption.
- Drip hoses or micro-irrigation are ideal for flower beds and hedges, as they bring the water directly to the roots.
2. consideration of the sprinkler overlap
A common mistake is insufficient overlapping of the sprinkler circuits. To ensure uniform irrigation, the irrigation circuits must overlap. Each sprinkler should spray at least up to the middle of the neighboring sprinkler (head-to-head irrigation). If this overlap is missing, dry patches are created, while too much water is applied in other areas.
In the article Planning and installing lawn irrigation 1 – Optimum sprinkler placement, I go into detail about the correct placement of lawn sprinklers.
3. division into irrigation zones
Not all areas of the garden have the same water requirements. A sensible division into irrigation zones ensures that lawns, beds and hedges are watered individually. The following points must be taken into account:
- Shade and sun zones: Areas in full sun require more water than areas that are shaded by trees or buildings.
- Different soil types: Sandy soils allow water to seep away more quickly, while loamy soils store it for longer.
- Plants with different water requirements: Beds with perennials or hedges require different watering times than the lawn.
4. the right choice of water supply
One point that is often underestimated is the choice of water source and the calculation of the amount of water required. The following aspects play a role here:
- Water source: Drinking water, well water, rainwater from a cistern or a combination of several sources are possible.
- Flow rate: The entire system must be supplied with sufficient water. A typical domestic water pipe often does not supply enough water for all the sprinklers at the same time. The irrigation zones must therefore be divided up.
- Water pressure: Many sprinklers require a certain minimum pressure (e.g. 2.8 bar for MP rotators). If the pressure is too low, the sprinklers will not work efficiently. If the pressure is too high, misting and uneven watering may occur.
5. laying the water pipes
A well-planned pipe system ensures that the water is distributed efficiently. There are two basic options:
- Branch line: The sprinklers are connected to a single main line. The disadvantage: the pressure decreases from sprinkler to sprinkler, which means that the last sprinklers often work less well.
- Ring line: This type of installation ensures even pressure distribution, as the water can flow to the sprinklers from both directions. This minimizes fluctuations in water pressure.
The pipes should be laid at least 25 cm deep in the ground to protect them from frost and mechanical damage.
6. drainage of the system before winter
A frost-proof irrigation system is crucial to prevent damage to the pipes. If water remains in the pipes, it can freeze when it freezes and cause the pipes to burst. Drainage options are:
- Drain valves that drain the water from the pipes.
- Compressed air draining, in which the pipes are blown out with compressed air.
A well-planned irrigation circuit already contains the necessary valves for winter drainage or the appropriate connections for an air compressor, so that subsequent retrofitting is not necessary.
Why careful planning saves time and problems
Well-planned garden irrigation reduces water consumption, ensures an even supply to the plants and prevents later corrections, which would involve high costs and a lot of effort. Planning from the outset saves time, water and effort in the long term.
Lawn irrigation can be planned by yourself if the important factors such as sprinkler selection, overlap, water pressure, zone division, pipe routing and, if necessary, the selection of the right pump are taken into account.
For my lawn on the east side of my property, I used the free online planning service from DVS. The following section describes my planning procedure step by step. I will talk about my experiences with the DVS software and explain what is important for good irrigation planning.
I have also recorded the entire planning process in an informative and illustrative video. The video can be found further down in the article and shows in detail how to plan efficient garden irrigation.
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Planning a garden irrigation system – this is how I proceeded
Careful planning is the key to a functioning irrigation system. Without a well thought-out structure, dry spots, excessive water consumption or insufficient pressure in the pipes can occur. I opted for the Hunter MP Rotator nozzles and deliberately decided against the i20 geared sprinklers, which I also have installed in my garden.
The MP Rotators are particularly water-efficient, distribute the water in a targeted manner and work with a lower precipitation rate, which minimizes the risk of surface runoff. I have documented the differences between the two systems as well as their advantages and disadvantages in a detailed comparison video: Lawn irrigation comparison: Hunter i20 geared sprinkler vs. MP Rotator
In addition to the Hunter MP rotators, the R-VAN rotator nozzles from Rain Bird are another interesting alternative. Both systems offer uniform irrigation and an adjustable throw range, but differ in some technical details.
I have tested the MP rotators and the R-VAN nozzles in detail and summarized the results in a separate blog entry with a practical test: Hunter MP Rotator vs. Rain Bird R-VAN: Practical test & comparison
To plan my lawn irrigation, I used the online DVS irrigation tool, which allows me to calculate sprinkler positions automatically or adjust them manually. In the following steps, I explain my approach in detail and go into important aspects of planning.
If you would like to take a closer look at the basic planning of a lawn irrigation system, for example taking into account soil conditions or geographical location, you should take a closer look at my comprehensive article Planning and installing a lawn irrigation system.
Step 1: Record the garden area
The first step in irrigation planning was to precisely measure the areas to be irrigated. This is particularly important to ensure optimum sprinkler distribution. I have used the following methods:
- Measuring the plot: Using a tape measure and a sketch, I recorded all the relevant areas. Alternatively, a laser measuring device or a digital property map can be used.
- Use the DVS tool: I have digitally recorded my garden area on the DVS irrigation website(www.dvs-beregnung.de). The tool allows you to create a new project and enter exact dimensions.
- Define areas: I have marked my lawn, flower beds, paths and other areas that do not need to be watered in the planning tool. This allows the irrigation to be individually adapted to the respective requirements.
Tip: An exact floor plan makes all further planning much easier and helps to avoid later corrections.
Step 2: Choosing the right sprinkler
Choosing the right sprinklers is crucial to ensure even watering. Not every type of sprinkler is suitable for every surface. I opted for the Hunter MP Rotator because it:
- provide an even distribution of water
- work with a low precipitation rate (thus less water loss through evaporation)
- have a high wind resistance
- are equipped with an integrated dirt filter that prevents blockages
My chosen models and their area of application:
| Sprinkler model | Field of application | Throwing distance |
|---|---|---|
| MP1000 | Small areas | 2,5 – 4,5 m |
| MP2000 | Medium areas | 4,0 – 6,4 m |
| MP3000 | Large areas | 6,7 – 9,1 m |
| MP strip sprinkler | Narrow beds & hedges | 1.5 x 4.6 m |
Further technical information on the MP rotators can be found on the official Hunter website: www.hunterindustries.com/de
Tip: Choosing the right sprinkler nozzles saves water in the long term and ensures efficient irrigation.
Step 3: The optimal placement of the sprinklers
A common mistake in irrigation planning is the incorrect placement of sprinklers.
Head-to-head irrigation is crucial here:
- Each sprinkler should spray at least to the center of the adjacent sprinkler to ensure complete coverage.
- Insufficient overlapping leads to dry spots or uneven water distribution.
I tried the automatic sprinkler placement, but was not satisfied with the result. Too many sprinklers with small throw radii were placed by the irrigation planner. Instead, I positioned the sprinklers manually, with the program automatically selecting the appropriate MP Rotator nozzles.
Tip: Good sprinkler distribution minimizes water consumption and ensures even watering of the lawn.
Step 4: Calculating the water volume and pressure
A decisive factor for a functioning irrigation system is the correct calculation of water quantity and water pressure. Each MP Rotator requires a specific amount of water per hour to work effectively.
- Example: An MP2000 requires approx. 1.63 liters per minute at 2.8 bar pressure.
- I added up the water consumption values of all the sprinklers to make sure that my water pipe provides sufficient flow.
I only carried out the calculation for the lawn irrigation on the east side of my house. The system will later be controlled with my Hunter X-Core irrigation computer.
The DVS tool performs these calculations automatically and indicates whether the water supply is sufficient for the planned system. If the pressure is not sufficient, the following solutions are available:
- Division of the sprinklers into several zones so that they do not all run at the same time
- Use of a pressure regulator to ensure constant pressure
- Adjustment of the pipe diameters to ensure a better flow rate
I have described the calculation of the available water volume and water flow rate to determine the maximum possible sprinklers per sprinkler circuit as well as many other useful tips for planning and installing a lawn irrigation system in detail in my blog post: Planning and installing lawn irrigation: Is my water supply sufficient?
Here you can find detailed instructions for the Hunter MP Rotator pressure calculation: www.hunterindustries.com/de/support/mp-rotator
Tip: An optimally calculated water pressure ensures efficient irrigation without any loss of performance.
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Video: Planning my lawn irrigation with the DVS tool
To illustrate the planning process of my automatic lawn irrigation with the DVS irrigation tool, I have created a detailed video. Step by step, I show you how I planned my lawn irrigation, which sprinkler models are used and how the DVS tool helps to realize efficient and water-saving irrigation.
You can find more videos on automatic garden irrigation in my garden irrigation playlist on YouTube. If you would like to find out more about my projects, you can also take a look at my YouTube channel COMMAIK.
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Lay the irrigation system: The next steps
By planning my lawn irrigation, I now have a good overview of how I need to proceed with the installation. The next step is to think about how and where to lay the water pipes and control cables to the area to be irrigated.
I had to bridge the sidewalk on my piece of lawn, which was an additional challenge. I will describe the details of this implementation in detail in another article.
Now that I know exactly which components I need for the installation, I can get the right parts. The DVS tool offers a practical function for this: I can use the shopping cart directly and order all the parts I need. Alternatively, I can find the components myself and buy them directly.
In another blog entry, I will present the functions and possibilities of the individual components in detail and explain which components are used in my irrigation system.
Control of lawn irrigation
I will initially use my Hunter X-Core irrigation computer to control the lawn irrigation. This makes it possible to create individual irrigation plans that can be adapted to the water requirements of the individual zones.
In the long term, however, I’m toying with the idea of switching to the Hunter Hydrawise system. This offers additional functions such as weather adjustment, app control and detailed consumption analyses, which could further improve the efficiency of garden irrigation.
I will describe all the details about controlling the lawn irrigation, setting up the Hunter X-Core and the possibilities of the Hunter Hydrawise system in a separate blog entry.
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The 10 most common mistakes when planning a garden irrigation system
When planning a garden irrigation system, typical errors often occur that can impair the efficiency and longevity of the system. Here are the ten most important mistakes to avoid:
- Inadequate planning and installation
A lack of or inadequate planning can lead to uneven irrigation and water wastage. - Select the wrong watering times
Watering during the hot midday hours leads to high evaporation and inefficient water absorption. - Neglect of maintenance
Without regular inspection, clogged nozzles or leaking hoses can impair the functionality of the system. - Non-compliance with weather conditions
Automatic systems that continue to run when it rains waste water and can damage plants. - Improper adjustment of the water quantity
Too much or too little water can cause plant stress; the right dosage is crucial. - Incorrect placement of the irrigation components
Inaccurate positioning of the sprinklers leads to dry or over-wet areas in the garden. - Insufficient checking of the water pressure
Without adjustment to the optimum operating pressure of the components, malfunctions may occur. - Lack of consideration of the soil conditions
Different soils have varying water absorption capacities; this must be taken into account during planning. - Excessive irrigation
Too frequent or intensive watering can lead to root rot and soil compaction. - Inappropriate choice of plants
Plants that are not adapted to the local climate conditions require more water and care.
Careful planning and regular maintenance of the garden irrigation system are essential to avoid these common mistakes and ensure efficient water use.
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Summary: Planning lawn irrigation with the DVS tool
Efficient garden irrigation is crucial for a healthy lawn and well-fed plants. In this article, I’ll show you how I planned my lawn irrigation system and what aspects need to be considered when implementing it.
I explain why automatic irrigation makes sense, what advantages it offers over manual irrigation and what mistakes should be avoided.
One focus is on the planning of lawn irrigation, in particular the selection of the right sprinklers, optimal placement and the calculation of water quantity and pressure. I explain how I used the DVS irrigation tool to design my system, the differences between MP rotators and geared sprinklers and why I opted for MP rotators.
I also discuss how irrigation can be controlled efficiently. My system will initially be operated with the Hunter X-Core irrigation computer, although I am considering using the Hunter Hydrawise system in the long term. I also describe the next steps for laying the cables and procuring the components, either directly via the DVS tool or by individual selection.
Another important point is common garden watering mistakes. I show which planning errors can lead to dry spots or excessive water consumption and give tips on how to implement an efficient, water-saving irrigation system.
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FAQ on planning an automatic garden irrigation system
1 Why is automatic garden irrigation useful?
It saves time, ensures an even water supply and reduces water consumption through targeted watering at optimum times.
2 What are the advantages of automatic lawn irrigation?
A well-planned system ensures efficient water use, keeps the lawn evenly green and minimizes manual effort.
3. which sprinkler types are suitable for lawn irrigation?
MP rotators save water and are ideal for small to medium-sized areas, while geared sprinklers irrigate larger areas efficiently.
4 How is the correct sprinkler placement planned?
With head-to-head irrigation, the pop-up sprinklers should overlap to avoid dry spots and achieve even water distribution.
5 What role does water pressure play in irrigation planning?
Optimum pressure (e.g. 2.8 bar for MP rotators) is crucial for even distribution. Too high or too low pressure can lead to malfunctions.
6 Why are different irrigation zones important?
Different plants have different water requirements. Zoning enables targeted control based on location, solar radiation and soil type.
7 How can an irrigation system be controlled efficiently?
With irrigation computers such as the Hunter X-Core or the smart Hydrawise system, individual irrigation schedules can be created and adapted to weather conditions.
8 What mistakes should be avoided when planning an irrigation system?
Common mistakes are insufficient sprinkler overlap, incorrect water volume calculation, lack of pressure adjustment and insufficient drainage for the winter.
9 What is the DVS irrigation tool and how does it help with planning?
The DVS tool enables digital planning of the irrigation system and automatically calculates sprinkler placements, water volumes and the required pressure.
10. how can an irrigation system be winterized?
Drain valves or a compressed air drain can be used to drain pipes in the fall to prevent frost damage.
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